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Registros recuperados: 96
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A Hedonic Analysis of Cattle Prices in the Central Corridor of West Africa: Implications for Production and Marketing Decisions AgEcon
Williams, Timothy O.; Okike, Iheanacho; Spycher, Ben.
Detailed weekly sales transactions data for the period January 2000-June 2001 from three frontier markets in the central corridor of West Africa were analyzed to identify the factors influencing short-run, intra-year cattle prices. The empirical results indicate that in addition to market location and seasonality of supply and sales, market participants show systemic preferences for specific cattle attributes (sex, weight, condition and finish) and are willing to pay premium prices consistent with their preferences. Communicating this information to producers can assist them to tailor their production and marketing decisions to meet market expectations and thereby improve their competitiveness, profitability and intra-regional livestock trade. Innovative...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock markets; Hedonic price model; Market information; West Africa; Livestock Production/Industries; C21; D4; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25423
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A Spatial Econometric Analysis of Compliance with an International Environmental Agreement on an Open Access Resource AgEcon
Borsky, Stefan; Raschky, Paul A..
This paper provides an empirical analysis of the role of intergovernmental relations on a country's effort to enforce the objectives of an international environmental agreement on an open access resource. Intergovernmental interaction allows signatory countries to observe compliance behavior of other signees and to punish non-compliance by applying bi- and multilateral sanctions. We use a cross-sectional dataset that contains country level information about compliance with Article 7 of the 1995 UN Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Our identification strategy combines a spatial autoregressive model with spatial autoregressive disturbances and an instrumental variable approach. We find a strong positive effect of other countries' compliance on the...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: International environmental agreements; Open access resources; Spatial econometrics; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; F53; Q22.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124425
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A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC STAR MODEL WITH AN APPLICATION TO U.S. COUNTY ECONOMIC GROWTH, 1969–2003 AgEcon
Pede, Valerien O.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Holt, Matthew T..
Spatial regression models incorporating non-stationarity in the regression coefficients are popular. We propose a spatial variant of the Smooth Transition AutoRegressive (STAR) model that is more parsimonious than commonly used approaches and endogenously determines the extent of spatial parameter variation. Uncomplicated estimation and inference procedures are demonstrated using a neoclassical convergence model for United States counties.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Spatial autoregression; Smooth transition; Spatial econometrics; STAR; GWR; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; C51; R11; R12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48117
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A two-stage productivity analysis using bootstrapped Malmquist index and quantile regression AgEcon
Kaditi, Eleni A.; Nitsi, Elisavet I..
This paper examines the effects of farm characteristics and government policies in enhancing productivity growth for a sample of Greek farms, using a two-stage procedure. In the 1st-stage, non-parametric estimates of Malmquist index and its decompositions are computed, while a bootstrapping procedure is applied to provide their statistical precision. In the 2nd-stage, the productivity growth estimates are regressed on various covariates using a bootstrapped quantile regression approach. The effect that the covariates exert on productivity growth of the average producer is analyzed, as well as the marginal effect of a given covariate for individuals at different points in the conditional productivity distribution. The results indicate that there exists...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Malmquist productivity index; Quantile regression; Bootstrap; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C14; C21; D24.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52845
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A TWO-STEP ESTIMATOR FOR A SPATIAL LAG MODEL OF COUNTS: THEORY, SMALL SAMPLE PERFORMANCE AND AN APPLICATION AgEcon
Lambert, Dayton M.; Brown, Jason P.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M..
Several spatial econometric approaches are available to model spatially correlated disturbances in count models, but there are at present no structurally consistent count models incorporating spatial lag autocorrelation. A two-step, limited information maximum likelihood estimator is proposed to fill this gap. The estimator is developed assuming a Poisson distribution, but can be extended to other count distributions. The small sample properties of the estimator are evaluated with Monte Carlo experiments. Simulation results suggest that the spatial lag count estimator achieves gains in terms of bias over the aspatial version as spatial lag autocorrelation and sample size increase. An empirical example deals with the location choice of single-unit start-up...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Count model; Location choice; Manufacturing; Poisson; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; C25; D21; R12; R30.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59780
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A Unified Approach to the Estimation of Demand for Improved Seed in Developing Agriculture AgEcon
Langyintuo, Augustine S.; Hamazakaza, Petan; Nawale, Edah; Mekuria, Mulugetta.
This paper proposes a new approach for estimating the demand for seed within a developing country context where only improved seeds are sold but adoption rates for improved varieties low. A farmer views an improved seed firstly as a derived input embodying production attributes and secondly, as a technology embodying consumption characteristics. He therefore jointly decides on its adoption and the quantity of seed required to plant a predetermined area. Drawing on the theory of demand for consumption goods characteristics and production input attributes, this paper specified and estimated non-separable household demand and consumption models using data collected from 300 farm households in Zambia during the 2003/04 crop season. The estimated results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural household model; Consumer goods characteristics; Production inputs; Technology attributes; Non-separability; Censored equations; Zambia; Crop Production/Industries; C21; D1; O3; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25332
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Adoption of Pollution Prevention: The Role of Information Spillover, Mandatory Regulation, and Voluntary Program Participation AgEcon
Bi, Xiang; Deltas, George; Khanna, Madhu.
Interest in promoting Pollution Prevention (P2) has been increasing since 1991, following the passage of the Pollution Prevention Act (PPA) of 1990. As part of the PPA, facilities that are subject to the Toxics Releases Inventory (TRI) are required to disclose the number of incremental P2 activities for each listed chemicals from 1991 onward. Though the disclosure is required by the PPA, the adoption of P2 remains a voluntary initiative by firms. To promote P2 ethic among firms, the U.S.EPA has established several voluntary programs and P2 information clearinghouse. P2 technologies were more likely to be facility- and operation- specific and involved considerable information costs and uncertainty. Firms might learn about P2 technologies from their peers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pollution prevention; Toxics Release Inventory (TRI); Voluntary 33/50 program; Information spillover; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q55; C21; L51.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103741
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Agglomeration, Spatial Interaction and Convergence in the EU AgEcon
Brauninger, Michael; Niebuhr, Annekatrin.
We investigate the convergence process among EU regions between 1980-2002 taking into account the effects of spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillover effects. The spatial regimes model allows for different steady-state growth paths. In contrast to previous analyses, the regimes in this paper refer to spatial categories, i.e. we assume that agglomerations, urbanised and rural regions are characterised by group-specific steadystates. Moreover, the regression analysis considers the effects of interaction among neighbouring regions, possibly leading to a spatial dependence of regional growth rates. We check whether spatial dependence is caused by spatial spillovers or based on country effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Convergence; Agglomeration; European Union; Spatial econometrics; Quantile regression; International Development; C21; O52; R11.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26150
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An Investigation of Significant Factors Influencing Western Australian Wool Producers to Produce Wool: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach AgEcon
Quaddus, Mohammed; Islam, Nazrul; Stanton, John.
Why Australian wool producers remained in the business despite the hardship they have experienced for much of the 1990s from low prices of wool? This question was raised frequently by research scientists and policymakers of the wool industry. A recent exploratory study gives a notion that Australian wool production could be a 'lifestyle' choice and/or a choice other than economic reasons. To validate this notion this paper investigates the factors that drive and motivate the Western Australian wool producers, as identified in the exploratory study, by applying a Structural Equation Modelling approach. An innovative mixed research method is adopted in this study. Telephone survey is conducted among a random selection of 290 wool producers in WA. The results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; C21; L2; L7; Q10.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25275
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Analysing Wine Demand With Artificial Neural Networks AgEcon
Gerolimetto, M.; Mauracher, Christine; Procidano, I..
In this paper we analyse wine demand in Italy using microdata. Instead of estimating a traditional parametric model (like AIDS) we employed artificial neural networks (ANN) and evaluate the elasticities using two different methods, specific for the non parametric framework. We compared the performances of the two methods to estimate elasticities and put in evidence the relevance of some demographic variables together with the usual economic ones, explaining the consumer's behaviour.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Artificial neural networks; Demand analysis; Wine; Elasticity; Demand and Price Analysis; C14; C21; Q11; Q13.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24753
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Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Varietal Differences in Pistachio Production in Iran Using a Meta-Frontier Analysis AgEcon
Boshrabadi, Hossain Mehrabi; Villano, Renato A.; Fleming, Euan M..
This paper reports on an analysis of technical efficiency and varietal differences in pistachio production in Iran. A random sample of 475 farmers was selected from the province of Kerman in 2003 and 2004. In this study, farmers are classified into three groups according to the variety of tree they planted. The three main varieties of pistachio trees planted are Kalleh- Ghuchi, Fandoghi and Akbari. The technical efficiency indices are computed using three approaches. First, a standard stochastic production frontier was employed using pooled data. Secondly, stochastic frontier production functions were estimated for each variety (separately). Lastly, the meta-frontier approach was used because production varieties and technologies are expected to differ...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pistachio; Stochastic meta-frontier; Production function; Technical efficiency; Iranian agriculture; Productivity Analysis; C21; Q12; Q16; Q55; R58.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10425
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Are Organic Farmers Really Better Off Than Conventional Farmers? AgEcon
Hiroki, Uematsu; Mishra, Ashok K..
We employed the propensity score matching and estimated the causal effect of being certified organic crop producers on farm household income and its various components in the United States. Contrary to the standard assumption in economic analysis, certified organic farmers do not earn significantly higher household income than conventional farmers. Certified organic crop producers earn higher revenue but they incur higher production expenses. In particular, certified organic producers spend significantly more on labor expenses, insurance payments, and marketing charges than conventional farmers. The results suggest that early adopters of organic farmers have done so for non pecuniary reasons and the lack of economic incentives can be an important barrier...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Propensity score matching; Nearest neighbor matching; Average treatment effect; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Marketing; Q10; Q13; J43; C21.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103862
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Bounds on Quantile Treatment Effects of Job Corps on Participants' Wages AgEcon
Blanco, German; Flores, Carlos A.; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso.
This paper assesses the effect of the U.S. Job Corps (JC), the nation's largest and most comprehensive job training program targeting disadvantaged youths, on wages. We employ partial identification techniques and construct informative nonparametric bounds for the causal effect of interest under weaker assumptions than those conventionally used for point identification of treatment effects in the presence of sample selection. In addition, we propose and estimate bounds on quantile treatment effects of the program on participants' wages. In general, we find convincing evidence of positive impacts of JC on participants' wages. Importantly, we find that estimated impacts on lower quantiles of the distribution are higher, with the highest impact being in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Job Corps; Nonparametric Bounds; Principal Stratification; Active Labor Market Programs.; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; J24; J68; C14; C21.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103761
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Brown Sunsets and Green Dawns in the Industrial Sector: Environmental Innovations, Firm Behavior and the European Emission Trading AgEcon
Borghesi, Simone; Cainelli, Giulio; Mazzanti, Massimiliano.
We study the driving forces behind the adoption of environmental innovations (EI) in the Italian industry over 2006-2008 through analyses of the new wave of Community Innovation Survey (CIS) data that covered for the first time environmental innovation adoptions. We investigate whether the first phase of EU ETS has exerted some effects on environmental innovations by using a very large sample of italian manufcturing firms. Estimates show that external forces and complementarity with other management practices are particularly relevant to increase the adoption of relatively new and radical technologies: relationships with other firms and institutions, local public funding, group membership are the key factors. The role of ETS on EI seems instead to be weak:...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Innovation; Industrial Sectors; ETS; Innovation Drivers; CIS Data; Environmental Economics and Policy; C21; L2; O33; Q38; Q55.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121701
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Business Establishment Growth in the Appalachian Region, 2000-2007: An Application of Smooth Transition Spatial Process Models AgEcon
Xu, Wan; Lambert, Dayton M..
Business establishment growth in the Appalachian region (2000–2007) was regressed on industry sector composition controlling for demographic, physical, and economic determinants. We test the hypothesis that local response to growth determinants is geographically heterogeneous using Smooth Transition spatial process models. This class of models exhibiting endogenous regime switching behavior provides another tool for exploring the spatially heterogeneous effects of local determinants on economic growth.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Appalachia; Business establishment growth; Smooth transition models; Spatial processes; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; C51; O47; R11.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113517
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Commercialization of Smallholders: Is Market Participation Enough? AgEcon
Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Jaleta, Moti.
The literature on commercial transformation of smallholders makes little distinction between market orientation (production decision based on market signals) and market participation (sale of output). However, policy implications to enhance commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture drawn from the analysis of the determinants of household market participation alone could be inadequate, if in fact, the determinants of market orientation and market participation are not the same or not consistent with each other. This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Empirical results show that the determinants of market...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Commercialization; Smallholders; Market orientation; Market participation; Marketing; C21; C24; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96159
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Convergence and the Effects of Spatial Interaction AgEcon
Niebuhr, Annekatrin.
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the issue of income convergence has received considerable attention in economic research. Although a vast number of empirical studies has emerged, evidence on the role of spatial interaction is still rather scarce. The present paper is an attempt to provide additional information on the spatial aspect of convergence. Spatial econometric methods are used to investigate regional convergence in West Germany. The results indicate that spatial interaction is an important element of regional growth. However, considering spatial effects does not alter the general conclusion that regional income growth is characterised by a process of convergence.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Regional convergence; Spatial interaction; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; C52; O18; R11.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26351
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Determinants of Profit Efficiency Among Small Scale Rice Farmers in Nigeria: A Profit Function Approach AgEcon
Kolawole, Ogundari.
This study employs a stochastic frontier approach to examine profit efficiency of small scale rice farmers in Nigeria using farm-level survey data collected from 200 farmers in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and standard profit function. The result shows that about 60 percent of potential profit is gain due to production efficiency while the remaining can be attributed to both technical and allocative inefficiencies in the study area. Also, the result further revealed that age, educational level, farming experience and household size positively affected profit efficiency. These variables are thus important in policy formulation by government.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier; Profit efficiency; Small-scale; Farmers; Nigeria; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; C8; C21; Q12.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25238
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Does Where We Live Matter? Understanding the Link Between Obesity and the Market for Food AgEcon
Chen, Susan E.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder, Samantha D..
Paper is under revision. Removed at author's request 10/27/08.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Incidence of obesity and overweight; Spatial lag model; Spatial dependence; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; C21; D1; I18; J10.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9682
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Dynamic Changes in Dairy Technologies Uptake in the Kenya Highlands AgEcon
Baltenweck, Isabelle; Yamano, Takashi; Staal, Steven J..
A number of African countries experienced since the mid 1980s a process of market liberalization that was expected to increase smallholders' access to inputs and outputs markets through the entry of private players. The effect on production, through uptake of improved technologies is however unclear. This paper aims at better understanding the dynamics of dairy technology uptake using a rich dataset of 874 households surveyed at two points of time. Using panel data enables to show the importance of differentiating 'permanent adopters' and 'temporary adopters'. Farmers with large land holdings are those who are able to have improved cattle at the two points of time, while those with smaller land size may not be able to maintain their animals on farm, either...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; D1; O3; Q12.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25571
Registros recuperados: 96
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